What does “There has been a critical error on this website” mean?

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Short answer

It is WordPress’s way of saying a fatal PHP error stopped the page from being built. The message deliberately hides the detail from visitors — the actual cause is in the PHP error log, or in the email WordPress sends to the admin address.

A plugin or theme update is the usual trigger. If you cannot get into wp-admin, renaming the plugins folder over FTP disables all of them at once and almost always gets the site back, after which you can re-enable them one at a time to find the culprit.

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